Apparatus for bulking yarn



March 1958 D. e. SOUSSLOFF ETAL 2,825,118 A APPARATUS FOR BULKING YARNFiled Jan. 15, 1954 IN V EN TOR.

DIMITRI a. SOUSSLOFFV y EDWARD J. DUGGAN B THEODORE QWHITING ATTORNEYUnted States Patent APPARATUS FOR BULKING YARN Application January 13,1954, Serial No. 403,818

3 Claims. (Cl. 28-1) The present invention relates to a machine forimparting bulk to a strand of twisted continuous filament yarn, and moreparticularly pertains to such a machine adapted to form loops in theindividual filaments which make up the strand.

It has been discovered that if a twisted strand of continuous filamentyarn is passed through an aspirator, and is drawn away from saidaspirator at substantially 90 as soon as it emerges therefrom, many ofthe filaments making up the strandare thrown out from the strand in theform of loops which give bulk thereto and which simulate the appearanceof spun yarn. Heretofore, this process of imparting bulk to continuousfilament yarn has been diflicult to accomplish due to difiiculty infeeding the yarn to the aspirator at a constant predetermined speed,withdrawing the yarn from the aspirator at a speed that is apredetremined fraction of the speed with.

which it is fed thereinto to allow forthe shortening-of thestrand thattakes place as its diameter is' increased,

and the necessity for stretching the bulked yarn a small amount tostandardize its diameter and to remove any irregularities therein.Furthermore, prior to the present invention great difficulty has beenexperienced in starting the bulking operation inasmuch as the feeding,withdrawing and stretching steps must be started simultaneously and insynchronism.

One object of the present invention is to provide a machine forimparting bulk to a strand of twisted continuous yarn. stretching thebulked strand and winding it into a package in one continuous operation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a machine forimparting bulk to a'twisted strand of continuous filament yarn whereinbreakage of the strand being operated upon will cause all of theelements of the machine to stop their operation.

'Another object of the present invention is to provide a machine forimparting bulk to a twisted strand of continuous .filamentyarn whereinall of the elements thereof can be, started simultaneously.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus forimparting bulk to a twisted. strand of continuous filament yarn whereinall the elements thereof,

can be stopped substantially simultaneously.

Other objects of the present invention will in part be obvious and willin part appear hereinafter.

, The invention accordingly comprises the apparatus possessing theconstruction, combination of elements and arrangement of parts which areexemplified in the following detailed disclosure, and the scope of theapplication of which will be indicatedin the claims.

For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention,reference should be had to the following detailed description taken inconnection with the ac-- companying drawing wherein: 1

Fig. l is a front elevation of a section of the machine of the presentinvention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation corresponding to Fig. l; and

i Fig. 3 is a detail view of a rotating yarn guide. I

The machine of the present invention is preferably a multiple unitmachine. 1 That is to say, it is provided with a plurality of identicalyarn processing units along its length on both sides thereof. Inasmuchas all units are identical, only one will be described herein; and

Each unit of the present invention includes three yarn handling stationsor positions. Each position includes a positively driven roller which inthe first two stations drives a form of idler roll to forward the strandof yarn being operated on, and the third operates a winding spindle tostretch the bulked yarn and wind it in a package. An aspirator forforming loops in the filaments of the strand being operated on ispositioned between the first and second rollers and receives the strandof yarn forwarded by the first roller and has the bulked yarn drawntherefrom by the second roller. The winding spindle driven by the thirdroll and the idler rolls driven by the first two rollers areinterconnected in such a fashion that when a stop motion mechanismincorporated with the winding spindle is actuated to disengage thewinding spindle from its driving roller, the two idler rolls cooperatingwith the first two rollers are also disengaged to prevent any furtherfeeding of the yarn. The winding spindle and the vtwo idler rollers arefurther interconnected for simultaneous movement by a manually operatedmember whereby all three of them can be placed in contact with theirrespective driving roll at substantially the same instant to start thebulking operation.

A plurality of spaced apart vertical frame members It are secured tobase members 12 and are held together to form a unitary structure bymeans of longitudinal mem bers 14, 16, 18, 20 and 114. Cross members 24secured to vertical frame members 10 support a rail -or shelf 26longitudinally of both sides of the machine adjacent base members 12.Shelf 26 is adapted to carry a plurality of yarn packages P that serveas the supply for strands of yarn Y. Three identical brackets 28, 30 and32 are carried by vertical frame members 10 and are spacedsubstantiallyequal distances from each other. Shafts 34, 36 and 38 are rotatablycarried by brackets 28, 30 and 32 respectively, and are positivelydriven by any convenient source of power, not shown. Preferably shaft:34 rotates at a speed in the order of 35% faster than shaft 36 and inthe order of 20% faster than shaft 38. Rollers 40, 42 and 44' arecarried for rotation by shafts 34, 36 and 38 respectively.

A bobbin hanger 46 is secu'red'to longitudinal member 14 to permitwinding arbor 48, or the package being wound thereon, to contact roll 44and to be driven thereby to wind said package. Preferably bobbin hanger46 includes a journal member 50 secured to longitudinal member 14 andhaving a shaft 52 rotatably journaled therein. An arm 54 is fixedlysecured to one end of shaft 52 for pivotal movement therewith. Windingarbor 48 is rotatably mounted on the forward end of arm 54. Astop-motion mechanism. which may be of any convenient type, as forexample such as isdisclosed in United States Patent No. 2,649,253, butwhich preferably is similar to the stop-motion mechanism disclosed inthe application for United States Letters Patent Serial No. 320,065,filed November I2, 1952, by D. G. Soussloff and R. V. Tata, isincorporated in journal member 50. Preferably the stop-motion mechanismincludes a depending hook 56 pivotally carried by a rearward extensionof arm 54 and movable into and out of engagement with an oscillatingfinger 58 to pivot arbor 48 upwardly out of engagement with its drivingroll 44 when said hook and finger are engaged. Oscillating A yarn:rngaging counter-' is adapted to be engaged by the running "strand "ofyarn, in a manner well known in the art, whereby said lever is heldagainst movement but-is urged by its counter-balance 61 to swingupwardly when the running strand of yarn breaks or is exhausted. Upwardmovementof breakage lever 60 swings depending hook 56 into engagementwith oscillating finger 58 to cause arm 54 to be lifted upwardly.Longitudinal members l6 and 18 carry journal members 62 and 64 similarto journal member 50 but with the stop-motion mechanism omitted. Arms 66and 68, similar to arm 54 are secured to shafts 74) and 72 journalled insaid journal members 62 and64. Rolls 74 and 76, generally similar toarbor 48 .butprovided with a rubber yarn engaging, surface arejrotatablysecured to the free ends of arms 66 and 68respectively for movement intoengagement with rolls "4'2 and40,

The opposite ends of shafts 52, 70 and 72 have-levers 78 fixedly securedthereto so that downwardmovement thereof will lift said arms and upwardmovement thereof will permit said arms to descend. The free ends of1evers78 are bifurcated and slidably receive atension rod 80. Theuppermost end of rod 80 is connected to "one end of spring 82, the otherend ofwhich is; secured to a longitudinal member 84,.and the lowermostendof' tension rod 80 is secured to one end of a flexiblezmember 8621s,for example a metallic cable or tape. -'Flexible member 86-passes aroundpulleys 88 and90 and hasits other end secured in any convenient mannerIto-afoot operated lever 92 which is pivotally carried 'bylongitudinalmember 22. Abutments or stops 98 are rfixedly secured to tension rod 80adjacent the-upper'surfaces of levers 78. It will be seen, therefore,that depressing lever 92 will pull rod 80 downwardly and will causeabutments 98 to engage levers 78 to simultaneously lift rolls 74 and 76and arbor 48 from theirrespective"driving rollers. Conversely, releasingholding pressure on lever 92 will permit rod;80 to be drawn upwardlyzbyits spring 82 thus lowering rolls 74 and 76 and-arbor 48 into contactwith their driving rolls to simultaneously start the operation of themachine, and at the same-time lifting lever ,92. Nuts 94 and 95 areadjustablyca-rried by rod 96 to limit the movement of lever 92.

Arms 54, 66 and 68 are also interconnected by-means of rod 100 whichpasses through aligned openings formed in cars ,projecting'fromtherespectiverarms. Anrabu'tmenti102 is fixed :to theru'pper end-ofrod 109 -to"be:en gaged by"the upper surface of the ear carriedbyharmi54. Abutments 104 and 106 are fixed to rod '100:adjacent thelower surfacesofjthe earsatfixed to armsw661and68 respectively. Rod .100Land :abutments 1182, P 104 and 106 function todisengage rollsl74.and76ifrom'their driving rolls 42 and '48 .in the event ;of..yarn breakageor exhaustion. When the strand ;of, yarn being treated breaks or isexhausted, breakage rlever 60 is permitted to rise causing thestop-motion mechanism :to liftirarm 54 to disengage the winding packagefrom roller Upward movement of arml54 causes-its ear to lift :rod 100,and the upward move'rnentof said rodeauscs abutments 104 and 106t0fliftrolls, 74 and 76. Latch means are preferably provided to hold arms :54;661and *68hin their elevated positions after they;havc beendi'fted bythe operation. of the kno'ck-otfmechanism. Any convenient means canbeprovided for releasingdhe'latches, as for.

example, the finger pieces 108.

A tension device 110 having a pair of yarnwguides 111' to upstanding"arm i120 'carried by bracket 80. *Aspirafor. 122' is connected topipe"IIS byuneans Of tab "124 and valve 126. Yarn guiding we [28 his ionedbeneath the inletto aspirator and is supported by arm 130 in'turncarried-by arm 120. i

A reciprocating yarn guide 132 is provided for traversa ing the bulkedstrand of yarn longitudinally of winding arbor 48. Guide 132 issupported and reciprocated by traverse rod 134 which is journaled forlongitudinal sliding movement in upstanding arm 136 carried by bracket32. Traverse rod 134 may be reciprocated by any convenient means as, forexample, a cam located adjacent one end of the machine and driven by thesource of power which rotatesrolls 40, 42 and 44. A rotatable horizontalyarn guiding bar 138 is also supported by upstanding ar m 1316 slightlyabove and outside of traverse rod 134. Bar 138 is preferably rotated bysuitable gearing, not shown, connected to shaft 38. A rotating yarnguide 140, Fig. 3, of'the type disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 2,63l,787,i ssued March 17, 1953, to R. V. Tata, is secured to rotatable bar 138at a position slightly outside of the traverse stroke of guide 132, butwithin the length of a yarn receiving core carried by arbor 48. Rotatingguide 140 is a generally disc-like member provided withradiallyextending fingers 142 that hold a running strand 'of yarn at one sidethereof, the right hand side'as viewed in Fig. 1,for a predeterminedlength of time and .then pass the strand to the other side, to be pickedu'pfbyguide 132, by engaging said strand in the space between any two ofthe fingers'142.

The above described apparatus functions in the following manner. Apackage of yarn P is positioned on shelf 26 in alignment with rollers48,42 and 44. Rolls 74 and 76 and winding arbor 54 are lifted untiltheir latchingmechanismengages' to hold them in their raised positions.Strand of-yarn Y is drawn upwardly from package P andis threadedthroughguide 112, tension 110and guide 111. From .guide 111 strand Y passesgenerally horizontally in a rearwarddirection and is passed around roll76. -From roll 76 the strand is led upwardly and forwardly to passbeneath guide rod 128 and thence.upwardly through aspirator 122. Valve126- is preferably opened at this time'so, that air passing through saidaspirator will assist zin'threading said strand therethrough. Uponleaving the upper end of aspirator 122 the strand is drawn rearwardlygatapproximately 90 to axis of said aspirator and; passes around roll 74.From roll 74 the strand is led upwardly and forwardly to pass aroundrotatable bar 138. The yarnis positioned on bar 138 on the right handside, .as viewed in Fig. 1, of rotating yarn guide 140. After leavingrotating bar .138 the strand is led rearwardlyand is secured to arbor48; At this time,:lever 92 is depressed to draw tension -rod80downwardly, and the latches holding arms 54, and 68 in theirraisedaposition arereleased .by means of latch finger pieces 108topermitsaid arms to swing downwardly until their levers 78 engageabutments 98. Lever 92 is then raised to lower arms 54, 66:.and 68 tosimultane ously engage rolls 74 and .76 with rollers42 and 40 andwinding arbor .48 with roller 44. As soon as rods. 74 and 76 and windingarbor 48 contact their respective drivingirollera ya'rn is drawn frompackage P by roller 76 and fed to'aspirator 122 which sucks the strandin its lowermost end and discharges it from its uppermost end. Thestrandof yarn Y as it emerges-from aspirator 122is immediately drawnOUtOf' the stream of air by roll 74 and the now-bulked strand-is passedonwardly by that roll'to winding arbor148. Shaft 138 rotates at arelatively -slow -speed so that the initial run of yarn is woundadjacent'one end of the-package core carried by arbor 48 iri the form of a tail.t The speed of shaft 138 is such that the running strand of yarn is nottransferred to traverse guide 132,-until the process practiced by theapparatus is in balance and said running strand arriving at arbor 48' iscompletelytreated. In other Words, rotating guide causes the initiallength of waste or improperly treatedyarn to be wound adjacent the endof the package so that it can be readily removedand thus riot-beincorporated :in any subsequent manufacturing operation.

Driving roll 40 rotates faster than either roll 42 and 44 and roll 44rotates faster than roll 42. The difierence in speed between roll 40 androll 42 determines the amount of bulking that is imparted to the strandbeing treated. The slower roll 42 runs relative to roll 49, the largerwill be the loops formed by aspirator 122 and the greater theirfrequency. Roll 44 causes Winding arbor 48 to wind the yarn at a speedfaster than it is advanced by roll 74. Therefore, the winding operationstretches the textured yarn a certain amount to standardize its diameterand to remove any irregularities that might occur in the yarn as itpasses through aspirator 122. The final diameter or denier of the yarnbeing treated is determined and controlled by the speed of roller 44relative to the speed of roll 40.

In the event strand of yarn Y breaks anywhere between package P andwinding arbor 48, breakage lever 60 will be permitted to rise toinitiate the action of the stopmotion mechanism associated with arm 54.The stopmotion will then lift said arm 54, and arm 54 acting through rod100 and abutments 102, 104 and 106 will lift arms 66 and 68. Therefore,should the strand of yarn break between rollers 40 and 42 or betweenrollers 42 and 44 the feeding of the yarn will be effectively stopped.

Since certain changes may be made in the above apparatus withoutdeparting from the scope of the invention herein involved, it isintended that all matter contained in the above description or shown inthe accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not ina limiting sense.

What is claimed is:

1. In an apparatus for imparting bulk to a strand of yarn wherein meansare provided for inserting loops into the individual filaments making upa running strand of yarn, the combination comprising a driving rollerfor rotating a winding package to wind the bulked strand of yarn, meanssupporting said package for movement towards and away from said roller,a pair of spaced driving rollers, a pair of yarn engaging rolls, meanssupporting said rolls for movement towards and away from said lastmentioned driving rollers, one of said yarn engaging rolls beingpositioned to feed said strand to said loop inserting means at a speedgreater than the speed at which it is wound on said package and theother being positioned to draw it therefrom and feed it to said windingpackage at a speed less than the speed at which it is wound on saidpackage, stop-motion means associated with said package supporting meansto move the winding package out of contact with its driving roller uponbreakage of said strand, and means interconnecting said packagesupporting means and said roll supporting means whereby movement of saidpackage supporting means by said stop motion moves said yarn engagingrolls out of contact with their driving rollers.

2. In an apparatus for imparting bulk to a strand of yarn wherein meansare provided for inserting loops into the individual filaments making upa running strand of yarn, the combination comprising a driving rollerfor rotating a winding package to wind the bulked strand of yarn, meanssupporting said package for movement towards and away from said roller,a pair of spaced driving rollers, a pair of yarn engaging rolls, meanssupporting said rolls for movement towards and away from said lastmentioned driving rollers, one of said yarn engaging rolls beingpositioned to feed said strand to said loop inserting means at a speedgreater than the speed at which it is wound on said package and theother being positioned to draw it therefrom and feed it to said'windingpackage at a speed less than the speed at which it is wound on saidpackage, and manually operable means interconnecting said packagesupporting means and said roll supporting means to permit saidsupporting means to be moved together to engage the winding package andsaid rolls with their respective driving rollers substantiallysimultaneously.

3. In an apparatus for imparting bulk to a strand of yarn wherein meansare provided for inserting loops into the individual filaments making upa running strand of yarn, the combination comprising a driving rollerfor ro= tating a winding package to Wind the bulked strand of yarn,means supporting said package for movement towards and away from saidroller, a pair of spaced driving rollers, a pair of yarn engaging rolls,means supporting said rolls for movement towards and away from said lastmentioned driving rollers, one of said yarn engaging rolls beingpositioned to feed said strand to said loop inserting means at a speedgreater than the speed at which it is wound on said package and theother being positioned to draw it therefrom and feed it to said windingpackage at a speed less than the speed at which it is wound on saidpackage, stop-motion means associated with said package supporting meansto move the Winding package out of contact With its driving roller uponbreakage of said strand, means interconnecting said package supportingmeans and said roll supporting means whereby movement of said packagesupporting means by said stop-motion moves said yarn engaging rolls outof contact with their driving rollers, and manually operable meansinterconmeeting said package supporting means and said roll supportingmeans to permit said supporting means to be moved together to engage thewinding package and said rolls with their respective rollerssubstantially simult-aneously.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,845,565 Simonson et a1. Feb. 16, 1932 2,212,691 Kershaw Aug. 27, 19402,379,824 Mummery July 3, 1945 2,421,555 Fraser June 3, 1947 2,783,609Breen Mar. 5, 1957 FOREIGN PATENTS 816,215 Germany July 8, 1949

